Natural farming is an agricultural method that emphasizes the use of natural processes and materials, such as compost, crop rotation, and natural predators, to maintain soil fertility and control pests and diseases. The goal of natural farming is to create a sustainable and self-sufficient farming system that works with nature, rather than against it.

Natural farming is based on the principles of traditional farming practices, such as intercropping and mixed farming, that have been used for thousands of years. It emphasizes the use of locally available resources, such as organic matter, manure, and mulch, to improve soil health and fertility.

One of the key components of natural farming is the use of microorganisms, such as beneficial bacteria and fungi, to improve soil health and promote plant growth. This is achieved through the use of techniques such as composting, vermiculture, and the application of microbial inoculants.

Another important aspect of natural farming is the use of natural pest control methods, such as the use of companion planting, biological control, and crop rotation, to minimize the use of synthetic pesticides and herbicides. This helps to maintain a healthy ecosystem and reduces the risk of pests and diseases developing resistance to chemical treatments.

Natural farming is often contrasted with conventional farming methods, which rely heavily on synthetic inputs such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides. Advocates of natural farming argue that it is a more sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to agriculture, and can lead to healthier soils, crops, and ecosystems.